Project management principles

Undertaking the executives standards Presentation of venture the executives Task the executives is an arranged and organized exertion to accomplish a goal or is the way toward overseeing, allotting, and timing accessible assets to accomplish the ideal objective of a venture in a productive and practical way, for instance, making another framework or developing an undertaking. Task the executives is broadly perceived as a reasonable method of guaranteeing that undertakings meet destinations and items are conveyed on schedule, inside financial plan and to address quality particular, while simultaneously controlling or keeping up the extent of the venture at the right level. Undertaking the board incorporates building up a venture plan, which incorporates characterizing and affirming the undertaking objectives and destinations, recognizing errands and how objectives will be accomplished, measuring the assets required, and deciding spending plans and courses of events for finishing. It likewise incorporates dealing with the usage of the venture plan, alongside working customary controls to guarantee that there is precise and target data on execution comparative with the arrangement, and the instruments to actualize recuperation activities where essential. Tasks as a rule follow significant stages or stages (with different titles for these), including plausibility, definition, venture arranging, execution, assessment and backing/upkeep History Undertaking the executives has been rehearsed since the early human advancement. Until 1900 structural building ventures were commonly overseen by imaginative planners and designers by their selves, among those for instance Christopher Wren (1632-1723) , Thomas Telford (1757-1834) and Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1806-1859) It has been since the 1950s, that associations began applying foundational venture the board devices and procedures to complex tasks. Henry Gantt (1861-1919), the dad of arranging and control methods. As a control, Project Management created from assorted fields of use including development, building and safeguard. In the United States, the two progenitors of venture the executives are Henry Gantt, called the dad of arranging and control methods, who is broadly recognized for his utilization of the Gantt graph as a task the executives instrument, and Henri Fayol for his production of the 5 administration capacities, which structure the reason for the collection of information related with undertaking and program the board. Both Gantt and Fayol were known as being understudies of Frederick Winslow Taylors speculations of logical administration. His work is the precursor to present day venture the board instruments including work breakdown structure (WBS) and asset allotment. Standards of task the board The Success Principle The principle objective of venture the board is to make an effective item. Without making a fruitful item there is nothing but bad point in acquiring the undertaking Management overhead expense. contradicting to standard way of thinking, there have been numerous Projects that have been â€Å"On time and inside budget† however the item has not been effective, and also numerous that have not been â€Å"On time and inside budget† yet the item has been fruitful. The Commitment Principle A commonly satisfactory affirmation between an undertaking support and a task group must exist before a suitable venture exists. A venture support is a proficient individual instead of the inevitable proprietor of the result of the task and who is answerable for giving the essential assets (cash, merchandise, administrations, and general heading, as proper.) A task group is a learned and qualified gathering fit and ready to embrace crafted by the undertaking. A commonly adequate confirmation is one in which there is concurrence on the objectives and destinations of the venture as far as the items scope, quality evaluation, time to culmination and last expense. The Tetrad-Tradeoff Principle The center factors of the undertaking the executives procedure, specifically: item scope, quality evaluation, time-to-deliver and cost-to-finish should all be commonly steady. The center factors of extension, quality, time and cost are interrelated fairly like a four-cornered casing with adaptable joints. One corner can be tied down and another moved, yet not without influencing the other two. The Primary Communication Channel (or Unity-of-Command) Principle A solitary channel of correspondence must exist between the task support and the undertaking group pioneer for all choices influencing the aftereffect of the venture. This rule is basic for the compelling and proficient organization of the venture Commitment. The proprietor of the possible item, whenever spoke to by more than one Person, should all things considered talk with one voice. Likewise, at some random time, the tasks group must have a solitary purpose of obligation, a venture supervisor, for crafted by the undertaking. Such individual must have the right stuff, understanding, devotion, duty, authority and determination to lead the venture to progress. The Cultural Environment (or Suitability) Principle An educated administration must give a supportive social condition to empower the Project group to create its best work. An educated administration is one which comprehends the undertaking the board procedure. A steady social condition is one in which the venture is unmistakably supported by the executives, and plan colleagues are empowered to deliver their best work without superfluous bureaucratic block. This standard incorporates the requirement for the board to guarantee that the administration profile and the board style are fit to both the sort of task and its stage in the undertaking life-cycle. The Process Principle Powerful and proficient strategies and methods must be set up for the lead of the venture duty. Such arrangements and strategies must cover, at the very least, clear jobs and obligations, appointment of power, and procedures for dealing with the extent of work, including changes, upkeep of value, and timetable and cost control. The Life-Cycle Principle Plan first, at that point do. An effective undertaking the executives procedure depends on two exercises arranging first, and afterward doing. These two successive exercises structure the premise of each task life-cycle, and can be extended to suit the control necessities of each kind of undertaking in each region of venture the executives application. The venture life-cycle, described by a progression of ‘milestones decides when the undertaking begins, the ‘control entryways through which it must pass, and when the task is done. Assess the reasonability of undertakings and create achievement/disappointment measures Presentation There are a couple of components to consider before any genuine ventures start. The task engineers must contain steps or undertaking stages, above all, the first idea must be resolved, thus as plausibility study, field-tested strategy, hazard evaluation, open enquiry, authorization, association, arranging, structure, acquirement, satisfaction, test, handover, financial life. Venture administrators has the assignment of observing tasks to be guided into a triumph, lamentably, there are a few activities that were not finished on schedule, over financial plan or being dropped during the time spent structure it. When all is said in done, there are regular reasons that are generally found for venture disappointments, these are a couple of reasons: absence of client association, mistaken arranging or absence of arranging, inadequate prerequisites, absence of assets, off base estimations. As indicated by the 1994 Standish CHAOS explanation there are top 10 elements found in effective activi ties. These variables are recorded in Table underneath Venture achievement factors Venture Success Factors % of Reactions Client Involvement 15.9% Official Management Support 13.9% Away from of Requirements 13.0% Appropriate Planning 9.6% Sensible Expectations 8.2% Littler Project Milestones 7.7% Skillful Staff 7.2% Proprietorship 5.3% Clear Vision and Objectives 2.9% Dedicated, Focused Staff 2.4% A few factors that added to extend will be talked about underneath: Client Involvement †¢ One of the way to achievement in an undertaking is client contribution, without the clients association, it might reason for inability to the whole venture. Regardless of whether the venture was conveyed on schedule, and on spending plan, an undertaking has a high pace of falling flat if the task doesn't address clients issues. - Executive Management Support †¢ This impacts the procedure and progress of a Project and absence of official information can put a task at an extreme inconvenience. - Clear Statement of Requirements - Proper Planning †¢ Proper arranging is one of the most significant pieces of building up a task, having ill-advised arranging of the venture may make a serious disservice the undertaking and result to a disappointment. - Realistic Expectations †¢ Expectations of the venture improvement result must be sane. On the off chance that desires in building up a venture are not exact, it might cause to a disappointment in building the task itself. - Smaller Project Milestones †¢ One of the things to be required for a total accomplishment of a task is finishing littler undertaking grindstones, the little subtleties of a venture ought not be ignored for it might result to a minor disappointment. On the off chance that these littler achievements are not being accomplished, it might cause a significant issue in the fulfillment of the venture. - Competent Staff †¢ Staff individuals assume the greatest job in an undertaking advancement, without the best possible information or ability of a staff part may make a poor result an improvement of a venture. Staff individuals ought to be legitimate prepared and have the best possible experience before engaging with the undertaking that they will deal with during the task improvement. - Ownership - Clear Vision and Objectives - Hard working †¢ Every staff of individual that is engaged with a task improvement must be enthusiastic and capable in accomplishing targets. Uncertain staff individuals may cause an inappropriate result in the structure procedure As a matter of first importance Figure out what business you are in, and afterward mind your o

English Should Be the Official Language of the United States Essay

English as the official language of the United States could profit the U.S. Government and America overall. America has since a long time ago been a multicultural country and has been an English talking country since it was established. The established and government archives are all in English, which facilitates the American individuals, trusting English ought to be our official language. Most of states as of now have English as their official language, for English has consistently given a genuinely necessary union to our differing residents since it was established. Being made of assorted people groups, and having the option to keep on utilizing your own language may appear to be best as we support independence and don't need anybody to vanish into the soup. This stand, be that as it may, likewise implies that more individuals are required as translators and that more projects and data should be promptly accessible to guarantee understanding. More individuals would have employments related with translation, regardless of whether on paper or up close and personal, so as to manage the progress. In the event that English was the official language, rather than simply having mediators out in the open spots, there would be chances to get familiar with the language with classes, and so on. By and by, outsiders hope to need to become familiar with some of English to get by, while the kids need to learn it all alone to get by in school. With English as an official language, we would feel constrained to offer assistance to those we hope to get familiar wi th the language. In part of Canada, where there are two dialects, youngsters are shown the two dialects. On the off chance that we had an official language we would be answerable for guaranteeing that everybody gets an opportunity to get familiar with the language. As found in the resolutions of Section 3-3-31 of the Mississippi code, â€Å"†¦the reason for (the st... ...or potentially foreigners, we would in any case be protecting the social legacy of early America. Works Cited Perea, Juan. Foreigners Out! The New Nativism and the Anti-Immigrant Impulse in the United States. New York or London: New York University Press, 1997. Print. Noble, Dennis. The English Language Amendment: Backgrounds And Prospects. 1988. ERIC. Web. 28 Nov. 2014. Daniels, Harvey An., and Urbana, IL. National Council of Teachers of English. Not just English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. 1990. ERIC. Web. 28 Nov. 2014. Lewelling, Vickie W., and Washington, DC. ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics. Official English And English Plus: An Update. ERIC Digest. 1997. ERIC. Web. 28 Nov. 2014. Crawford, James. Successful Language Education Practices and Native Language Survival. Reyhner, Jon. Montana:8m (NALI) Institute, 1990. Print.

Excessive Social Media Use Comparable to Drug Addiction

Excessive Social Media Use Comparable to Drug Addiction Addiction Addictive Behaviors Internet Print Excessive Social Media Use Comparable to Drug Addiction How People Become Hooked on Social Media and What to Do About It By Sherri Gordon facebook twitter Sherri Gordon is a published author and a bullying prevention expert. Learn about our editorial policy Sherri Gordon Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 01, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 17, 2019 More in Addiction Addictive Behaviors Internet Caffeine Shopping Sex Alcohol Use Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Social media originated as a way for people to connect with family and friends, even if they were thousands of miles apart. But over the years, it has transformed. Now, social media is used in a variety of different ways and a lot more frequently. For instance, businesses, non-profit organizations, and even politicians use it as a way to reach a very targeted market. Meanwhile, teens and young adults use social media as a virtual scrapbook to document every detail of their life as they are living it. There are even influencers with large social media followings, that use their following as a way to promote a product, service, or group through social media and gain support for it. Social media is even a valuable resource for and a means of connecting isolated populations with other parts of the world. In many ways, social media has enriched our lives by connecting and inspiring people. But there is a dark side as well. Aside from all the negative posts on social media, the cyberbullying, and the FOMO (fear of missing out) that exists, recent studies indicate that excessive social media use not only leads to poor decision-making, but people who use social media incessantly often have attitudes, thoughts, and behaviors that mimic those of a drug addict. 4 Surefire Signs of an Internet Addiction Social Media and Addiction Researchers at Michigan State University have found that people who report using social media a lot tend to struggle with decision-making. As part of their study, participants answered questions about their social media use. The questions were tailored to see how dependent people were on social media, as well as how they felt when they couldnt use it and how they would feel about never using it again. After the survey, the participants completed a common psychological task known as the Iowa Gambling Task, which helps gauge value-based decision-making skills. During the task, the goal is for the participants to collect as much money as possible. The researchers found that those participants who spent more time on social media were likely to have less money at the end of the task. Meanwhile, those who spent less time on social media finished the task with more money. Because this type of deficit in decision-making skills often goes hand-in-hand with drug addiction as well as a gambling addiction, the researchers likened the results of excessive social media use to aspects of an addiction. In another study, researchers explored what it would cost for certain participants to deactivate their Facebook profiles for up to one year. Consequently, experimental auctions revealed that it would anywhere from $1,000 to more than $2,000 for participants to cancel their Facebook profiles for that length of time. Still, some users refused to bid at all, which researchers believe signaled their dependence on Facebook and their unwillingness to even consider deactivating their accounts. These results show just how dependent, or addicted to, social media some people are that they would not even consider deactivating their accounts for a year, despite being paid. Other Issues With Excessive Social Media Use For some people, the thought of not being able to check their social media accounts causes them to break out in a cold sweat. They get nervous and anxious and are not sure how to handle the situation. When this occurs, therapists often refer to this as social media anxiety disorder, which may share similarities to social anxiety disorder. This connection is not surprising given that anxiety disorders are the most common mental health disorder in the United States; and technology seems to be making things worse. In fact, appears that the more technology people acquire, the more stressed out they become. For instance, researchers estimate that 20 percent of people with social media accounts cannot go more than three hours without checking them; and for people with social media anxiety disorder, just being away from their social media accounts for just a few minutes can cause severe anxiety. Signs You (or Your Teen) Are Hooked Aside from the obvious anxiety and nervousness that being away from social media can cause some people, there are some other telltale signs that they may have an addiction to social media. These include everything from isolating themselves from others, losing interest in activities they once found enjoyable, and getting agitated, angry, or anxious when they are unable to check social media. Following is a closer look at some of the signs that you (or your teen) may be hooked on social media: Anxiety, agitation, or anger when you cannot check social media. Not being able to check social media is not a life-threatening situation. But, for some people, not being able to get online and check their status and their updates can feel like one. Even though they may feel embarrassed or confused by their reactions, they often feel like they cannot control their feelings or their situation. Interrupt conversations to check social media. Sometimes people can be so obsessed with the online world that they have trouble staying in the moment or paying attention to what others are saying. Consequently, their faces are often buried in their phones; or, they may appear distracted and constantly check their phones. Lie to others about how much time is spent online. Most people who struggle with social media addiction are embarrassed by how much time they spend online. So, they lie to their loved ones about how much they are scrolling social media. They know they should not be online so much, but they just cannot help it. Withdraw from family and friends. When social media addiction progresses, it can become consuming of a persons time and energy. As a result, a person with an addiction to social media will withdraw from family and friends and spend most of their time in the virtual world. Lose interest in other activities. As social media takes up more and more time, it becomes the most important thing in a persons life. Consequently, the addicted person will spend the bulk of their time on social media and very little time doing the things they once loved. Neglect school or work in favor of social media. One hallmark of addiction, is the way that it consumes a persons time, energy, and attention. For this reason, many people with social media addiction often neglect their schoolwork or their work assignments because they cannot tear themselves away from social media. Experience negative impacts to your personal or professional life. One of the biggest indicators that you or your teen has a problem with social media is when it starts interfering with your life in a negative way. For instance, grades start dropping and deadlines are missed for school or work are definite indicators that there is a problem. Feel stressed and that your life is lacking. It is important to remind yourself (and your teen) that what you see on social media is just another persons highlight reel. They have normal, boring days filled with work and obligations just like everyone else. Remind yourself that if social media makes you think that your life is boring, it is not going to get any better sitting there obsessing about it. You have to get out and enjoy your life - experience it - not just document it. Practical Ways to Monitor Social Media Use Whether you want to monitor your social media use, your teens use, or both, there are a number of steps you can take to see not only how often you are using social media, but also to determine if you are using it in healthy and productive ways. Manage Notifications When notifications from social media ping on your phone all day, every day, it can be challenging not to toggle over to your social media accounts and see what is happening. For this reason, it can be extremely useful, and preventative, to turn off the notifications on your social media accounts. This way, instead of social media beckoning you to check out what people are posting or saying, you are in control. As a result, you are free to check social media at times that are convenient for you rather than feeling you should check right away when your phone pings. Meanwhile, you may want to turn on notifications for when your kids post to their social media accounts. In other words, you can set up notifications on your account to notify you know anytime your teen posts something on their social media account. This way, you can see what they are posting, how often they are posting, and determine if they need some tips on digital etiquette or to take something down. With notifications, hopefully you see a questionable post before too many other people do. See Certain Posts First On some social media accounts, like Facebook, you can set guidelines that allow you to see certain social media posts first. Whats more, you also can indicate who your close friends are so that you get notifications when they post. (You can still get notifications when they post that do not alert your phone immediately. Instead, these notifications are only listed in the notifications tab.) When you set up these types of parameters on social media, you are making it work for you instead of allowing it to push you into behaving or interacting in a certain way. Additionally, these types of parameters make it much easier to just see what you want on social media rather than scrolling through every post in your feed. This way, it is much easier to limit the time you spend on social media. Conduct a Social Media Audit One of the best ways to get a picture of how you or your teen is using social media, is to conduct a social media audit. Take a look at the posts, photos, and comments. Then consider what these things say about you and your social media use. For instance, are you posting every day, multiple times a day? Or do you go days or even weeks without posting? If you find that you are posting every day, multiple times per day, you may want to take a closer look at how much time you are spending on social media. Your social media audit could be your first clue that things are starting to go off the tracks somewhat. Track Your Time on Social Media Whether you use your phones settings or get a free app like Quality Time, there are countless ways to manage your time and track how much time you are spending not only on your phone but also on social media, Netflix, and online gaming. Once you know how you are spending your time, you will be able to set goals and limits for your social media use. Additionally, some apps allow you to add family members so that you can all disconnect or unplug together as well as keep one another accountable. A Word From Verywell Social media is a fun way to document and share your life, especially with friends or relatives that live far away. But just as with anything else in life, there is such a thing as too much. If you find that you (or your teen) are spending a lot time on social media, and it makes you anxious when you cannot check your posts or see what others are doing, then that is a red flag that something is wrong. It is time to take some steps to cut back and truly experience life around you rather than just document it. Additionally, if you are showing signs of social media anxiety, or if you feel like social media is impacting your decision-making, you may want to schedule some time with a counselor or therapist. They can help you work through your anxiety and make sense of your feelings as well as provide you with ideas on how to make healthy changes in your life. How Do Smartphones Affect the Brain?

Does Down Syndrome Increase the Chances of Developing...

Down syndrome is a genetic disease that occurs in people that have 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Does the Down syndrome increase the chances of developing leukemia? What health risks are involved in trying to keep children from getting leukemia? I have personally seen the effects of Down syndrome. There have been clinical trials that have shown the results of leukemia on kids with Down syndrome. The life expectancy has gone up dramatically because of medicine. Down syndrome has affected the lives of many and psychologists are still looking for answers to solve the disease. Children with Down syndrome or what they call trisomy 21 have a markedly increased risk of leukemia in childhood but as later on in adulthood its has less of a chance†¦show more content†¦Other cases that are risks to get AML are following treatments with chemotherapy and radiation therapy from other cancers.( Howlader 2010) Some sign and symptoms that you may be developing AML are a low platelet count whi ch can cause patients to bleed. Any brain or bleeding from the lungs can also be very damaging. The rarest symptom that can cause AML is Myeloid Sarcoma which is a collection of AML cells that form outside that marrow. The way to get rid of this is autologus stem cell transplant along with chemotherapy. (Howlader 2010) Children that get leukemia about 15 to 20 percent are cases of AML. These kids are treated with induction therapy which is similar to what adults go through. After that is all done they follow a rigorous treatment that results in about 80% remission rate and nearly 50%, 5 year relapse free. The ones that are relapsed free are usually cured. (Koreth 2010). Children that are the age of two years of less have a lower rate of remission and less chance of being fully cured. AML is giving doctors and psychologists a very tough time trying to fight off this cancer. They say it’s the most challenging childhood cancer to treat. The outcomes from children with AML ar e going to be slightly different then from adults because of the abnormalities. Chemotherapy has had the best effect at fighting off the cancer which has led to increasing cure ratesShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Myelodysplasia Syndrome1160 Words   |  5 PagesMyelodysplasia syndrome (MDS), is a type of disease that is associated with abnormal cells in the blood and bone marrow. 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Informacin detallada sobre el examen de ciudadana

El examen de la ciudadanà ­a es el tercer paso paso convertirse en ciudadano estadounidense. Se inicia el proceso con el envà ­o al Servicio de Naturalizacià ³n e Inmigracià ³n (USCIS, siglas en inglà ©s) del formulario N-400 y el pago de las tasas correspondientes. En aproximadamente uno o dos meses, se recibe una cita para realizar las pruebas biomà ©tricas. Y unos cinco meses despuà ©s de haber iniciado el proceso, se cita al inmigrante para un examen. Entrevista para el examen para la naturalizacià ³n Se mantendrà ¡ una conversacià ³n en inglà ©s con un oficial de inmigracià ³n sobre la aplicacià ³n enviada.Se recomienda llegar con tiempo a la entrevista. Al ser en un edificio federal, habrà ¡ seguridad a la entrada y el proceso puede demorarse bastante tiempo. Si no puedes acudir a la cita con Inmigracià ³n por una causa grave, puedes intentar cambiar el dà ­a. Examen de inglà ©s El examen de ciudadanà ­a sobre conocimientos de inglà ©s tiene tres partes. La primera consiste en hablar en ese idioma con el oficial de inmigracià ³n que està ¡ manejando el caso. Es una conversacià ³n sencilla y el inglà ©s no tiene que ser perfecto, pero debe reconocerse como inglà ©s y ser suficiente como para comunicarse. En la segunda parte hay que demostrar que se puede leer en inglà ©s. Al inmigrante se le presenta un pà ¡rrafo con tres frases en inglà ©s y debe ser capaz de leer al menos una. Cada frase es aproximadamente una là ­nea de larga. En la tercera parte, el oficial dictarà ¡ una frase en inglà ©s que repetirà ¡ hasta tres veces. Ejemplos reales son I love New York y America is the land of the free. Si el inmigrante no la escribe correctamente, se le dictarà ¡n dos frases mà ¡s. Si no es capaz de escribir correctamente ninguna de ellas, reprobarà ¡ esta prueba. Se puede practicar este examen con ejemplos preparados por el USCIS o asistiendo a clases gratuitas para el examen de naturalizacià ³n que impartes diversas organizaciones en todo Estados Unidos. Existen dos excepciones a la obligacià ³n de hacer esta prueba. En primer lugar, estar exentas las personas que no està ©n en condiciones de realizar esta prueba por cuestiones de discapacidad fà ­sica o mental. Para beneficiarse de la excepcià ³n, estas personas deberà ¡n presentar el formulario N-648 debidamente cumplimentado por un mà ©dico. En segundo lugar, si se reà ºnen los requisitos, no es necesario rendir el examen de inglà ©s y es posible responder en espaà ±ol a las preguntas sobre conocimientos cà ­vicos. Examen de ciudadanà ­a de conocimientos cà ­vicos Se trata de demostrar que el aspirante a ciudadano conoce mà ­nimamente la historia y la estructura polà ­tica de Estados Unidos. El USCIS ha confeccionado una lista de cien preguntas y el oficial de inmigracià ³n puede elegir diez de ellas y preguntà ¡rselas al inmigrante, quien deberà ¡ contestar en inglà ©s correctamente un mà ­nimo de seis para pasar la prueba. Existen excepciones que pueden consultarse en el enlace anterior en el que se explica que no es necesario rendir el examen de inglà ©s. Ejemplo de pregunta tà ­pica del examen de ciudadanà ­a es: ¿cuà ¡l es la capital del estado en el que vive? (Hay 50 posibles respuestas, depende de donde viva el inmigrante. Por ejemplo, en Nueva York la respuesta es Albany, en California es Sacramento y en Florida es Tallahassee. Esta es una pregunta donde los inmigrantes se equivocan frecuentemente ya que tienden a pensar que la ciudad mà ¡s grande del estado, como Ciudad de Nueva York, Los à ngeles o Miami es la capital, y no siempre es asà ­. Una lista completa de las 100 preguntas y sus respuestas correctas puede ser consultada aquà ­. Recuerde que alguna de las preguntas puede tener varias respuestas và ¡lidas. Lo mejor y recomendable es estudiar las respuestas preparadas por el USCIS y contestar una de ellas. Retrasos en la tramitacià ³n Si el USCIS se retrasa injustificadamente mà ¡s tiempo de lo que es habitual para este tipo de trà ¡mites entonces es posible demandar mediante un writ of madamus. Para ello es aconsejable siempre consultar con un abogado. Reprobar   Si no se pasa alguna de las tres pruebas -conversacià ³n, examen de inglà ©s o examen cà ­vico- el inmigrante tendrà ¡ la oportunidad de intentarlo de nuevo, sà ³lo una vez mà ¡s, en un plazo mà ¡ximo de tres meses. Denegacià ³n de la solicitud Si el rechazo fue porque la persona reprobà ³ el examen de inglà ©s o el de conocimientos cà ­vicos, una vez que crea que està ¡ preparado puede aplicar otra vez. Deberà ¡ reiniciar todo el proceso desde cero, rellenando el formulario N-400, pagando las tasas y volviendo a realizar las pruebas biomà ©tricas de fotos y huellas digitales. Tips La entrevista y el examen en una sede del USCIS son frecuentemente grabados en una cà ¡mara de video. Eso quiere decir que siempre hay rà ©cord de las respuestas. Nunca se recomienda mentir a un oficial de inmigracià ³n, pero especialmente en estos casos. Ya que una mentira, de la que queda prueba grabada, podrà ­a anular en el futuro todo el proceso de naturalizacià ³n. Una vez finalizada la entrevista el inmigrante recibirà ¡ un papel. En unas pocas ocasiones ya se le confirma que ha pasado el examen y que todo està ¡ listo para el juramento de la ciudadanà ­a. Pero lo mà ¡s frecuente es que simplemente diga que recibirà ¡ por correo una respuesta. Si cambia de domicilio, recuerde que es su obligacià ³n notificarlo al USCIS. Es muy importante durante el proceso de naturalizacià ³n que las comunicaciones se reciban a tiempo. En la mayorà ­a de los casos en un plazo inferior a un mes se recibirà ¡ una cita para ir a jurar. Ese papel contiene una serie de preguntas como si se ha salido del paà ­s desde la entrevista en Inmigracià ³n, si ha cambiado el estado civil por matrimonio, viudez o divorcio, si se ha cambiado el nombre o si se ha cometido algà ºn delito. Deberà ¡ cumplimentarse y es muy importante llevarlo el dà ­a del juramento para convertirse en ciudadano. Una vez que se jura lealtad y fidelidad a los Estados Unidos se recibirà ¡ un certificado de Naturalizacià ³n que no se puede ni enmarcar ni grapar y ya se puede solicitar por primera vez el pasaporte de EEUU. A partir del momento de la naturalizacià ³n el nuevo ciudadano nunca podrà ¡ utilizar el pasaporte del paà ­s en el que nacià ³ para entrar o salir de Estados Unidos. Està ¡ absolutamente prohibido. Asimismo, a partir de momento en que se convierte en ciudadano puede registrarse para votar inmediatamente, sin tener que esperar a solicitar el pasaporte estadounidense. Por à ºltimo, cabe destacar que cuando una persona se convierte en ciudadano, automà ¡ticamente convierte en ciudadanos a sus hijos residentes permanentes menores de 18 aà ±os que viven con à ©l o ella. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Slave Narratives Free Essays

During the times of slavery many people opposed the thought of forcing someone to do everything they say, to own someone. They believed in the freedom of others and to treat everyone equally. There were many abolitionists and slave narratives who wanted their side of the story to be heard. We will write a custom essay sample on Slave Narratives or any similar topic only for you Order Now Aunt Harriet Smith was a black woman from Homestead Texas and Aunt Phoebe Boyd from Dunnsville Virginia, both slave narratives. Aunt Harriet Smith was married to Jim Smith. They white folks killed her husband and she never knew why they would do such a thing, he was an honest man who went to church and always did what he was told (Soul, 2003). During one of her interviews Harriet was asked how long ago she could remember from her slave days, she could remember all the way back when she was thirteen years old. Harriet could successfully remember everyone’s names as well, all the white children, her owner, everyone of the slaves she was around, and people she came into contact with on a regular basis. Her owner had first purchased her grandmother and from then on owned the rest of her family from there on down. One thing she was extremely faithful to was church. They allowed the white people to go to church in the morning and the black people were allowed to go at night. They had a white preacher and he was always telling them to behave themselves. If the black slaves were to act up then the preacher would tell there owners and they would be punished. She believed that there was a God, and he would help them. The slaves were never taught to read and write, the only gossip they had was the stories they heard during church about slaves being mistreated. This was something all the slaves would talk about when they seen each other and were able to communicate and talk. Harriet said that the white people were good to them. Her owner never hurt any of them. Her owner treated her well and whenever her and her family would hear about slaves being mistreated it would shock them. They felt bad for the slaves that were being abused. At one point in her interview she was asked why she went by Aunt Harriet Smith and she said by putting the word Aunt in front of her name was a sign of respect, and people respected her. During the Civil War, she could remember sitting with her two cousins on the white picket fence just watching the vehicles driving up and down the road. They loved the white picket fence and their owner didn’t care if they say there. They would watch the soldiers all day long walk up and down the road. One of the reasons they loved watching so much because all the soldiers were colored soldiers (Smith, 1941). During the whole interview Aunt Harriet Smith was very optimistic, she always hoped for the best and didn’t really have anything to say that was too negative. Even when she talked about her husband being killed, the only thing she kept talking about was how good of a man he was. She never turned the conversation into a negative one. Aunt Phoebe Boyd was also a slave narrative. She was very fond of the Lord and always believed that something better was coming. Smith, Harriet. â€Å"Voices from the Slavery Days. † The Liberty of Congress. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. . Soul. â€Å"AFRICAN-AMERiCAN SLAVE: Aunt Harriet Smith On Church, Slavery Punishment. † YouTube. YouTube, 24 Apr. 2009. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. . How to cite Slave Narratives, Essays

Biological Lab What Do Animal and Plant Cells Look Like Essay Example

Biological Lab: What Do Animal and Plant Cells Look Like Paper Materials: 1. Beaker 7. Eyedropper 13. Paper towel 2. Compound microscope 8. Forceps 14. Pencil 3. Coverslip 9. Human blood slide 15. Purple Onion 4. Drawing paper 10. Iodine solution 16. Scalpel 5. Elodea slide 11. Lens paper 17. Toothpick 6. Epithelial Cells Slide of Cheek 12. Microscope slide Results: 1. What is the basic structural feature that distinguishes plants and animal cells from bacteria? Unlike bacteria cells, plants and animal cells contain a nucleus. 2. In what way do blood cells resemble unicellular organisms? Blood cells resemble unicellular organisms in their function. 3. Why are blood cells considered a tissue? Blood cells are considered a tissue because they contain red and white blood cells. All tissues are made up of cells. 4. Can mature erythrocytes be classified as cells? Why or why not? Mature erythrocytes cannot be classified as cells because they lack a nucleus a few organelles. 5. What is the general shape of a typical plant cell? A typical plant cell is shaped like a rectangle. 6. In what ways are the cells of onion epidermis and Elodea similar? The cells of onion epidermis and Elodea are similar because they all have a cell membrane and a cytoplasm. Also, their cells are single-layered. 7. In what ways are the cells of onion epidermis and Elodea different? Unlike the cells of onion epidermis, the cells of Elodea contain chloroplasts that are used for photosynthesis. . What OBSERVABLE characteristics can be used as evidence for classifying a specimen as a plant? The observable characteristics that can be used as evidence for classifying a specimen as a plant: rectangular shaped cell wall, central vacuole, and chloroplasts. 9. Inside the mouth, the epithelial cells are joined together in a sheet. Why are they scattered on the microscope slide? Do not over think t his question! Epithelial cells are scattered on the microscope slide because they are exposed to oxygen. 10. How many different cell types can be seen in the human blood slide? We will write a custom essay sample on Biological Lab: What Do Animal and Plant Cells Look Like specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Biological Lab: What Do Animal and Plant Cells Look Like specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Biological Lab: What Do Animal and Plant Cells Look Like specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Three different cell types can be seen in the human blood slide: red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. 11. How are the blood cells similar to the epithelial cells? Blood cells are similar to the epithelial cells because they all contain a nucleus, cytoplasm and a cell membrane. Only red blood cells do not contain a nucleus. 12. How are the blood cells different from the epithelial cells? Blood cells are different from the epithelial cells because they not all blood cells contain a nucleus. For example, red blood cells do not contain a nucleus. 3. In what OBSERVABLE ways are animal and plant cells structurally similar? The observable ways animal and plant cells are structurally similar: plasma membranes and cytoplasm. 14. In what OBSERVABLE ways are animal and plant cells structurally different? Plant cells are structurally different then animal cells because they contain a cell wall, chloroplast, and a central vacuole. 15. Onions are classified as green plants. Where in t he onion plant are the green cells located? Green cells are located at the root of onion plants.

The Evolution of Chil Custody Arrangements Essays

The Evolution of Chil Custody Arrangements Essays The Evolution of Chil Custody Arrangements Essay The Evolution of Chil Custody Arrangements Essay The Evolution of Child Custody Arrangements Heather Gibson Southern New Hampshire University When a family splits, separates, divorces or a child is born out of wed lock for whatever reason one of the most difficult decisions to make are custody arrangements. Over the years the government has shifted its views from the child’s mother being the best fir for primary custody to â€Å"the best interest† of the child. What’s in the best interest of the child consists of both tangible and non-tangible things. The necessities include the ability to provide food, shelter and a a safe environment are important but also the stability of the parent psychologically and their mental health also begins to become part of the importance to the child. The person who has legal custody over a child is the person who makes import decisions in the child’s life. The determination of who should have custody in a child custody battle has become highly problematic over the years. Maternal preference was given as the best fit for the child. The mother was deemed more nurturing and caring as a parent. The United States held this idea for many years. In the world around them women were fighting for equal rights and in turn making men equal in the work force as well as a parent. The increase of divorces in the mid 1900’s and women going in the workforce led to the courts deciding what was in the best interest of the child rather than who was more motherly and nurturing. Another change that came about was the idea of joint custody, rather than sole custody. Today child custody can be as simple as two parents making the decision to share custody or on the opposite end the legal batter of who’s the better parent. Forensic psychologists help in informing the judge of who (unbiased) is the better parent or if joint custody would work out for the best interest of the child. They go through different competency evaluations, may visit the home or investigate further to determine custody. Although it seems women are still chosen as the better parent trend have shifted and men have a better chance at sole custody. Another evolution that has evolved is the familiarization of gay rights as parents. It is still unclear as it is emerging but it is food for thought.

How to Prepare for a Timed Writing Exam

How to Prepare for a Timed Writing Exam Timed essays are a favorite for standardized tests and college exams. They not only test your knowledge, but they test your ability to develop a coherent argument under pressure. The secret to a timed writing exam is preparation beforehand and avoiding rushing on the day of the exam. Here are some tips on how to write a great timed essay. Manage Your Stress One cause of poor performance on timed essays is anxiety. There are lots of scientific studies that show how anxiety affects brain function. If you’re stressed while reading the prompt, you may not even be able to understand it, let alone formulate a good response to it. If you feel yourself starting to panic when the proctor or professor starts the clock, take a moment to calm yourself down. Close your eyes. Take a few deep breaths. Count to twenty. Then slowly open your eyes and with a calm mind start reading the essay prompt. Another thing that helps with stress is preparation. Find out which things can make you fail and how to avoid them! Do Some Practice Runs You won’t know the topic beforehand, but if you actually sit down and do a couple of practice essays on some plausible topics, you’ll be able to see where your weaknesses lie and how you can address them. For example, did you rush into the writing without thinking it through first? Did you need to go back and revise? Did you have enough time to make a sensible revision? Practicing first will not only help you remain more calm when it’s show time, it will also help you learn to pace yourself. Think Before You Write After reading the topic, give yourself some time to let your thoughts on it formulate. If you jump right in to your first idea, you may miss an opportunity to write an even better, more well-formed essay. A good way to decide what to write is to jot down notes on the different ideas that come up and then choose which one you think is the best one. Make an Outline Again, resist the urge to just start scribbling and dedicate time to preparing your essay first. Making an outline where you line up the points you wish to touch on will help guide your writing. It will also prevent you from forgetting what you wanted to say, a common problem with timed essays due to stress and pressure. Make Sure You’re Answering the Question Another common pitfall to avoid is failing to address the prompt. Again, this problem can be circumvented by slowing down. While making your outline, keep referring to the prompt. Does each part of your outline answer it? If not, what has to be changed to make sure you stay on course? Don’t Write Filler Even though this is a timed essay, you should dedicate your efforts to writing quality statements. Don’t write just to fill the space. This can be particularly tempting when writing the introduction which is where it’s most important for you to get to the point. Your thesis statement at the end of your introductory paragraph should be well-defined and strong. This will help the flow of the rest of your essay so give it your best effort. Revision Tips What if you followed all of the above advice but in the middle of writing had a new idea that would change your essay? Here you have to make a decision. Is the new idea so much better that it warrants changing your essay structure for it? AND do you have enough time to revise completely? If so, then go back and revise the parts you’ve written so far. If you’re writing on paper, make sure you skip a line to leave room for revisions. On a computer, it’s much easier to revise, but you also run the risk of deleting work you wish to use later. If you’re revising on a computer, put the parts you want to take out in brackets. After you’ve finished writing and are doing a final edit, go back and take out the parts that are unnecessary.

Interesting Topic on Decision making Research Paper

Interesting Topic on Decision making - Research Paper Example Critical decision making on critical issues that affect the performance of the whole organization is normally coordinated and made by the top leadership of the organization. Organizations that make weak or poor decisions show the kind of bad leadership they have. This always reflect negatively on the organization. On the other hand, organizations that make strong or good decisions normally show the competency of their leadership and that impacts positively on the organizational performance. Decision making can follow the bottom-up system. This way, the decision is made by the line management and it is applied to the top management of an organization. Similarly, decision making can come from the top management down the management ladder. There are also situations where decision making is centric as well as when it is horizontal which involves making decision on the same level of management. Organizations need to concentrate on decisions that are in line with its strategic mission and vision statements. Such decisions ones made, should be implemented in order for their effectiveness to be felt in the organization. This paper is therefore aimed at finding out how decision making as an organizational tool works to impact the performance and outcomes of the organization. Indeed, when good decisions are made in an organization, and the decisions are implemented quickly, the performance of an organization will rise to show the increase. When a survey was done on 350 company executives to establish their organizational effectiveness, only 15% of them stated that their organizations help their businesses perform better than their competitors in their respective industries (Paul & Marcia 2006). The article sets it out clearly that what leads to different performance is the quality with which they carry out their services, speed, and how they execute their decision making process. In this case, one

Gestalt and His Theory Of Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Gestalt and His Theory Of Psychology - Essay Example The Gestalt effect refers our brain's form creating capability, especially with respect to the visual recognition of figures and whole forms instead of an assortment of lines and curves. Gestalt psychology is most developed in perception and cognition but also has great relevance in studying individual behaviour (Henle 2006). But in observing behaviour errors can crop up due to false notions and deductions when drawing conclusions on scientific data. The most distinctive feature of scientific data is the way they are gathered. For example, if psychologists want to investigate a particular issue, say, to determine the circumstances which people act to help those in distress, or the impact of variable reinforcement schedules on the behavior of lab rats, or whether children imitate aggressive behavior they see on TV, psychologists will construct situations to establish conditions from which data can be generated (Schultz p.5). They may conduct lab experiments, observe behavior under controlled real-world conditions, take surveys, or calculate the statistical correlation between two variables. In using these methods scientists can have a measure of control over the situations or events they choose to study. In turn, those events can be reconstructed or replicated by other scientists at other times and places. Thus, data can be verified later by establishing conditions similar to those of the original study and repeating observations. But much of this data is seen narrowly and not viewed as having associations to other factors. For example, in testing whether children get aggressive after watching violence on TV many researchers fail to consider other factors, such as educational level of the child or the parents' upbringing abilities, or whether the child has problems in school, or consider the fact that certain processed foods when consumed by youngsters can result in uncontrollable behavior. Most scienti fic data do not view the whole, but only the part. Gestalt theory developed by Max Wertheimer resulted from the concrete investigations in psychology, logic, and epistemology. To give a description and make a comparison, we can consider transitioning from the world of everyday events to the world of science. Something as simple as crossing the road, becomes extremely complicated when trying to explain in scientific terms as both psychology of the person and physics are involved. It may not be unusual to assume that while making this transition we shall gain a deeper and more precise understanding of the essentials. The changeover could be seen as progress. But we often find that this turns out not to be the case. Explanations can be difficult to formulate. It is the same in psychology. In this regard also, we find science focused on acquiring a systematic collection of data, yet often excluding through that very activity of acquiring information, precisely that which is most vivid and real in the living phenomena it studies. In Gestalt theory wholes exist, the behavior of which is not determined by their individual elements, but where the part-processes are themselves determined by the intrinsic nature of the whole (Boeree 2000). Gestalt theory endeavors to determine the nature of such wholes and seems particularly fitted

The Scope And Limitation Of The Study An Example

The Scope And Limitation Of The Study An Example The current traditional help desk mechanisms used in UUM-CAS postgraduate help desk department at UUM are no longer enough to support the increase of the interactions between the users and the technical support employees because There is no standard and organized process for handling the users requests. This paper proposes a technical support system that can help students, staff and even lecturers at UUM Postgraduate CAS department to freely interact with the customer service employees by sending their requests and inquiries through a web-based help desk system. In the other side, this proposed system will also increase the productivity of the employees of the customer service department since each specific ticket or problem will received by a specific group of the technical support employees. In order to achieve that , we are going to use a problem tracking technique . This technique will enable the users (students, staff or lecturer) to send their inquiries to the proper person in the customer service department. Also this technique will aim to track the problem or ticket of the users until it gets their direction to the proper person of the customer service employees who will try to solve it within a convenient time. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background Nowadays, a technical support service plays a main role in a Universitys ability to assist their students , staff and lecturers who really need some information and technical support guides. In the meanwhile , Educational institutions face the challenge of providing technical support to faculty, staff, and students for answering their questions and responding to their inquiries and problems with a suitable solutions and within a convenient time. (Cruess, 2002 and Niedzwiecki Peterson, 2002). Moreover, The main goal of customer service is to provide better overall service to the customer when they contact the customer service employees, either through email, or a phone call. We want to make sure that everyone is satisfied with the first answer they receive with a correct solution in a timely manner. We want to be proactive and resolve as many issues as we can before the customer even notices that something may have gone wrong. The customer should notice an improvement in the turnarou nd time when a help request is submitted, as well as a reduction in the number of times they have to ask for help until he/she gets the solution. (Schauer Thompson, 2004). This proposed study will make an enhancement in the current technical support mechanism used by the UUM Postgraduate technical support department. It will be conducted based on Problem Tracking Technique which help to ensure consistent and quality support, track the information and problems that come into the Help Desk and assign or forward the problems to the appropriate workgroup and follow-up to make sure the problems were corrected. Problem statement Previously, by using the traditional help desk tools, the web interface was just a simple interface with an engine for generating an e-mail to our support staff. When an e-mail is sent to the [emailprotected] for example, different staff will receive it. This sometimes resulted in duplication of work since multiple people could work on the same ticket or email, or no one would handle it since some groups would assume other groups or individuals would be handling a certain email. There was no standard and organized process for handling the users requests. Sometimes no one responded right away and other times multiple people did, showing that we were not very coordinated. The same thing happens when using a traditional phone call as a tool of communicating with the customer service (Schauer Thompson, 2004). Also Recently, there have been increasing number of interactions between users and customer service employees online. Therefore employees must take great deal of time to process in quiries from customers through the Internet (Iwai, Iida, Akiyoshi Komoda, 2010). In this research we are going to concentrate on the UUM Postgraduate CAS department to be as a domain of our study. In the meanwhile, students, staff and lecturers at UUM Postgraduate CAS department have always been able to submit problem reports via e-mail, or by phone. That is still true, but the question is : How effective is the use of these tools? In fact , The current campus help desk has become the hub of support with the many spokes of user services centered on it (Cruess, 2002). Students, staff and lectures do not have to be waited and passed on from one technical support employee to another until they get the answer of their problem or inquiry. In addition, once the student sends his/her problem to the help desk department by email , it will take long time until it gets solved. Because the ticket will not send immediately to the proper person that he/she is aware of the problem that has already been sent .In this case, the number of times that they have to ask for help will increase . As a consequence, and based on the points that we mentioned previously, we proposed a web-based help desk system that can be used as a bridge between the users (students, staff, lecturer) and the technical support employee at UUM Postgraduate CAS department. In order to provide consistent and quality support to the students, staff and lecturers. In the proposed system we are going to use a problem tracking technique to track the information and problems that come from the customers into the Help Desk. In addition, assign or forward the problems to the appropriate workgroup and make sure that the problems are solved. Research Questions Based on the problem statement mentioned before, the following questions are constructed: What are the Limitations of the current UUM Postgraduate CAS help desk system? What are the techniques that we are going to use during the developing stage of the prototype of Postgraduate UUM help desk system? How can we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system? Research Objectives The main objective of this study is to enhance the current technical support of UUM Postgraduate department by developing an organized and significant web-based technical support system based on a problem tracking technique. In order To achieve this main objective, some sub-objectives can be formulated: To identify limitations of the current help desk system. To design and develop a prototype web-based help desk system based on problem tracking technique. To evaluate the prototype web-based help desk system based on problem tracking technique among the users. Significance of the study The proposed model will provide a significant and flexible way of communicating between the customer service at UUM and their users. Here are some significant and beneficial achievements that the proposed system is expected to provide: The system can assist the students in postgraduate department to find the solutions for routine questions through FAQ part and manage its requests by using problem tracking technique. The system will help the university to build a strong relationship with their students. Increase the productivity of the employees at work and provide faster and more convenient services to their students, staff or lecturers. All the users requests will directly send to the proper department of the customer service for finding a solution instead of sending all requests to one customer service department and then this department will try to find the suitable person who can answer the incoming request, and here we waste the time. Thus, we expect from this system to enhance the previous customer services tools and make it more effective and organized. Scope and limitation of the study This study will focus on developing a web-based help desk system using a problem tracking technique for Postgraduate UUM-CAS department at UUM. This system will let users (staff, students or lecturers) to freely interact with the technical support employees who have the ability to answer all problems related to the postgraduate services provided by the UUM-CAS. In addition, UUM-CAS postgraduate students can navigate FAQ section which contains a groups of frequently asked questions that are related to UUM-CAS Postgraduate department at UUM and they can find their problem or inquiry there. Moreover, the proposed system will help the students, lecturers, and staff at UUM-CAS postgraduate department to see the latest UUM-CAS postgraduate news and articles added by the technical support employees. The prototype to be developed is based on problem tracking technique. Organization Of The Report This report consists of six chapters which will cover the designing and the developing online help desk system for UUM-CAS postgraduate department at UUM. Here is an overview of the content of each presented chapter: Chapter One: this chapter introduces the problem, gives an overview about the study and describes the needs of help desk systems in the educational sectors. This chapter also discusses the scope of the study, the significance of the study and its objectives. Chapter Two: this chapter covers the literature review which is the previous related works that been done before. Moreover, this chapter represents relevant information for understanding the study more. Chapter Three: this chapter explains the details of the selected methodology that we are going to use in the project. Chapter Four: this chapter discusses about the prototype development and the implementation of the online help desk system for UUM-CAS postgraduate department at UUM. Chapter Five: this chapter discusses the evaluation process of the proposed help desk system. Chapter Six: this chapter discusses the conclusion, recommendations and future works to improve this study. CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction This chapter discusses the relevant help desk researches that had been done before by researchers. Moreover, this chapter presents the current techniques used by UUM-CAS technical support department also it presents the techniques that we are going to use in the proposed study including problem tracking technique. In addition , it discusses the previous researches that had been done before using this techniques. Definition of Online Help Desk System Online Helpdesk as defined by Donna Knapp in a Guide to Customer Service Skill and Helpdesk Professional is a single point of contact within a company for managing customers problem and request and providing solution oriented support services (Knapp, 2009). Online help desk is also define a Help Desk as a formal organization that provides support functions to users of the companys product, services, or technology (Wooten, 2001). Another definition has been defined by Albin who said Technical support is a service. Its about assisting pertaining to technology, especially regarding computers. It is also has to do with providing acceptable, effective and efficient resolutions(Albin, 2002). As a consequence, Helpdesk is usually known as a department within a company that responds to users technical questions or inquires. Background of Online Help Desk Often the term Helpdesk is used for internal support within the organization or for external support groups. Educational Institutions need to provide high quality of customer service and support to respond to the users inquires and problems within a convenient time . A well designed Help Desk product should have the ability for the support customer to be part of the solution by offering a searchable knowledge base of common support issues and questions and a way for customers/users to easily create their own support tickets. With a web based interface, most users are able to navigate simple web forms with fairly high success rates to submit a trouble ticket or find answers to frequently asked questions or common problems. The helpdesk is responsible for bringing an organizations resources together in order to provide its customers with quality support and service (Czengel, 2001 and Vanderlip, 2004). Thus, to be able to choose the right techniques and to use them effectively in the he lp desk system, you have to understand what customers want. Knowing this will help you make sense of the techniques youll be looking at (Bacal, 2005). Benefits of Online Help Desk System Web-based support offers an extremely wide variety of benefits. These will vary depending on factors such as the generation of the support site, the tools employed, the profile of the customer base, the services offered, and so on. Benefits typically originate from two aspects of support: Self-service Single source access The benefits of self-service On a Web-based support site, self-service refers to all information, functions, and services that customers can take advantage of on their own, without having to contact a support representative. Users might view or download information or seminars, search for solutions in a knowledge base, download a software upgrade, or check on the progress of their support log. The primary benefit of self-service is the ability to offer customers some form of support 24 hours a day, seven days a week. These extended hours of support come at no additional cost. The self-service functions you offer on your site would be available around the clock. Another significant benefit of self-service is the reduction in calls to the staffed support area. This means the more calls you are able to divert from your support area to your Web-based support site, the more benefits you will gain. This can achieved by specifying FAQ part in the system which contains the most frequently asked questions which eat up mo st of technical support employees time (Czengel, 2001). The Benefits of Single Source Access A Web-based support site that contains documents such as Knowledge base, FAQs, News, and so onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦This documents will provide users with a single source access to the service provided by the institute or the organization. Implementing Online Helpdesk System, management can have a single point of contact with the users and resolve their problems (Czengel, 2001). In addition to the two benefits that we have mentioned before there are some other important benefits of using Online Helpdesk Systems and they are as follows: Improved help desk service quality as all inquiries or problems are immediately taken action timely identification, diagnosis and resolution of problem Improved user or customer satisfaction. Providing existing users or customers with knowledge and FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) concerning the educational institutions services. 24-hour availability which means that the system is available always to receive the problems or inquiries from the users at any time and in any day. Troubleshooting features gives users or customers the ability to solve many support problems on their own. This tool provides the users or customer with an easy way of connecting with the technical support employees and within a convenient time. Serves as a tool for tracking and recording helpdesk inquiries, which provides a knowledge base of resolutions to previous calls concerning similar issues. The Potential Pitfalls of Web-based Support The potential pitfalls in Web-based support come from poor planning and implementation. A site that offers little actual value to the customers or users, no matter how visually perfect it is, is worthless. Sites that are difficult to navigate, that contain out-of-date information, that do not offer help for the most common problems, that are designed at too advanced or too simple a level for the customer base they support all fall into the worthless category. You can spend a fortune on support tools, but if you havent done a thorough job in planning and implementation, your support site will fail and you will get no payback on what you invested. Customers/users will go to alternatives such as telephone support, and getting them back to the Internet would be difficult (Czengel, 2001). Web-Based Application Web application known as an online communication services that client can access through their computer or handheld devices, this communication can be optimized via network support such as the Internet or an intranet (Grove, 2009). Problem Tracking Technique There are many researches had been done before using a Problem Tracking Technique. This technique had been used in order to improve the efficiency of using help desk systems by the users. One of the research that had been already done is a help desk system that had proposed for The Information Technology Services Department in North Dakota State University . The system allows them to track problems by assigned person, assigned group, for a specific user and many other ways. They can generate ad hoc reports to analyze problems that have occurred over a set period of time or by department as needed. Thus, For a help desk to be effective and efficient, it needs to have a proper set of tools. These tools are used to manage the incoming calls, monitor servers and network connections, track problems as they enter the help desk and are transferred to other support units, being able to view the end users screen, documentation, training and many others. User Part Once the user did not find the solution of his /her problem in the FAQ part, he/she is going to use the ticketing system which is one of the system functionality. The user will create a new ticket and include his/her inquiry or problem within this ticket. The process of creating new ticket includes several steps. At the beginning the customers must choose the section that the faced problem belongs to. For example students fees section or registration section. After that, the customer will enter his/her personal information and he can specify a priority to his/her ticket for example urgent or normal .The customer can attach a file with his/her ticket in order to explain his/her problem more (Edwards, 2010 and Kayako, 2009). Technical support employees part After the user completes the process of sending his/her ticket to the suitable group of the technical support employees, here comes the role of technical support employees to respond to this ticket .Each ticket has a status which can be Open, Waiting for reply or Closed .Once the user creates his/her new ticket and sends it to the technical support employees, the status of his/her ticket will be automatically Open since it is a new ticket. Thats mean it needs a reply from the technical support employees. After one of the technical support employees replies this ticket, he/she will change the status of this ticket to be Waiting for reply which means the ticket has been replied by the suitable technical support employee and its status now is Waiting the user to send another reply if the first answer that he/she already got is not clear enough. Suppose that the customer needs more explanation or more details about his/her problem, then after he/she got the reply from the customer servic e, the user can change the status of this ticket from Waiting for reply to be Open and send it again with his/her new inquiry to the customer service employees. The status of the ticket will automatically become closed after a period of time called DUE which is specified by the administrator of the system and it is defined as the maximum time that the ticket will be remained in case of waiting for a response from the user. That means after the expiration of this time, the status of the ticket will be closed. After this time called DUE the ticket will be closed and it will become as a read-only ticket from the side of users. In other words, the problem has been solved and does not need any reply anymore. The last thing that we want to indicate that imagine that a user has sent a ticket to the technical support employees through the system and lets answer this question: what will happen if the ticket still in the queue of the tickets queue without any answers from any technical suppor t employee? In fact this case is the worst case that it might make the user in the status of waiting for reply through unlimited time. In order to handle this problem, In the proposed system there is a part for administrators which enable the help desk managers or administrators to monitor and manage the process of ticketing system. They can view the tickets that no one has answer it and assign it to the suitable technical support employee. (Edwards, 2010; Schauer Thompson, 2004; and Kayako, 2009). Building up FAQ Building up FAQ is also an important task of help desk. The purpose of building up the FAQ is to reduce the number of inquiries that come from users. Users can browse the FAQ pages and clear up their unfamiliar matters before they send emails or tickets to the help desk employees. Help desk employees also can analyze inquiry records, construct questions and add them to the FAQ part. For example, if the help desk employees see that there are questions that come out from users several times, then they can simply organize these questions by added them to the proper group of FAQ section so the users can find it there before they send a new question which is already exists at FAQ section (Iwai, Iida, Akiyoshi Komoda, 2010 and Kayako, 2009). UUM-CAS help desk mechanisms In the meanwhile, the current technical support mechanisms used by UUM-CAS postgraduate technical support department are still limited to phone call and email as a way of communicating between users and the technical support employees. Generally, the disadvantages of using this current techniques are divided into two parts based on email or phone call. The first part of disadvantages are the problems of using phone call as a tool of providing the technical support service. The first problem of using the phone call is that the technical support employees are not always the same who answer the phone. Which means, every time you talk to different technical support employee, you should explain your problem again and again until you get the solution of your problem. The second issue of using a phone call is the wasted time that the user should wait since he/she may pass on from one technical support employee to another until he/she gets the answer of his/her problem or inquiry. The third issue appears during the registration time while the pressure on the technical support center is more comparison to other time and especially on using phone call. At that time, the user should wait on the phone until he/she can talk to the customer service employees since the phone is busy. From the other side, there are some issues comes from using the email as a way of interacting between the users and the customer service employees. First of all, it takes long time from the customer service employees side until they solve the issues since the problem will not be received from the proper technical support employee who has an infrastructure about the problem that had been sent by the users. The second thing is multiple people could work on the same email or no one would handle it since some customer service employees will assume that other employees would handle it. Thus, and as we can see there is no standard and organized way of handling with the users inquiries and problems. Chapter Summary The analysis of literature review had broadened the scope of Online Helpdesk issues. The information and findings collected form this chapter is used as a guidance to develop the Online Helpdesk system. By reviewing the UUM-CAS postgraduate help desk case study, we can conclude that helpdesk system plays an important role in the educational institutions. This chapter has also demonstrated the importance of helpdesk system in the context of UUM-CAS postgraduate help desk department. CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Introduction This chapter discusses the adopted methodology which applied to achieve the objectives of the study in designing and developing the proposed web-based help desk system for UUM-CAS help desk department. Research Methodology Research methodology plays a very important role to proceed and carry out with the whole all research study. Moreover, it is very important to choose the suitable methodology for your study in order to achieve the objectives of the study. In general, a lot of studies that had been done before use the research methodology to achieve many purposes such as gathering data and information, development and evaluation (Refsdal, 2008 Schmuller, 2002). Besides that, Research methodology step makes us fully awareness about the requirements of our study and the problem statement of the research. Thus, The methodology of this research the we are going to apply is based on the five general research steps that are proposed by Vaishnavi Kuechler. These steps includes the awareness of problems, suggestions, development, evaluation, and the conclusion of the research as they are illustrated in the Figure 3.1. The awareness of problems In this step, some important information had been gathered about the current problems and limitations of using the current traditional help desk mechanisms at UUM-CAS help desk department. This can be achieved by interviewing the students, lectures, and staff to see what are the disadvantages of using the current customer service in order to overcome it. Moreover, we can use some beneficial instruments such as questionnaire. In addition, we can collect some information from some related work that had been done before by other researchers. Thus, This step aims to identify the problems and come out with a significant and more organized solution. Suggestions The second step of the methodology of this research is to suggest building a web-based application based on problem tracking technique in order to enhance the current technical support tools used by UUM-CAS help desk department. In this phase, some flow charts and some Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams will be used to design the proposed prototype. The Figure 3.2 illustrates briefly the technical support operation of the proposed system: Figure 3.2: Diagram explains the proposed system Design Pattern Design patterns describe how objects communicate without become entangled in each others data models and methods. Keeping this separation has always been an objective of good OO programming, and if you have been trying to keep objects minding their own business, you are probably using some of the common design patterns already (Cooper, 2002). Why Design Pattern? Why do we need to use design pattern? Nowadays computers programs is becoming more complicated, for this reason it is important to have a way of making building software easier and less complexity. For example, SQL Server and Oracle are become the most common databases used in the meanwhile . Lets imagine that we are working in a software company and we already developed a costly system using SQL Server database and because of a certain reason the company wants to change its database server into Oracle. Does that mean we want to ignore everything has been built and start building our new system from scratch? The answer is no of course. By using a design pattern we will be able to build a system which rebuilding ability exists. As a result, we just need to change the part of code which deals with SQL Server with Oracle one. Design pattern has divided the system into layer each layer has its own job starting from the View layer and ending with the database layer and the figure 3.4 belo w is really express what i just mentioned. If we ignore using design pattern in our system , then our system simply will miss the usability technique. As the figure 3.5 shows that we should not ignore the Business tier and dealing directly with the data tier if we do so then it is hard to make changes in the application. Thus, In this case and if we want to change in one place, then we should change in many other places that are related to the change instead of make the changes in one place by using the organized design patterns. To explain how does the design pattern technique work, lets take the following scenario : Once the system has started, it will collect some configurations from configuration file about the connection string of the database and the name of Business Logic Layer DLL (BLL). That means the connection with the database will not establish until the business layer successfully retrieved the configuration from the configuration file. Business Logic Layer is responsible for retrieves data from the data layer, so the business logic layer plays the role of mediator between presentation layer and database layer. IDAL (Interface Data Access Layer) is an interface that we just need to deal with it regardless the type of database that the system works with. Hardware Requirements Of The System Since the proposed system is a web-based application, so to run the system on the web environment we need a web application server that can handle the requests that come from the users of the proposed help desk system. In addition to the web server, To run the system on the web server, it has to have the minimum hardware characteristics that enable the web server from installing dot net features such as dot net framework which is necessary to run the application on the web server smoothly and successfully. Software Requirements Of The System As we mentioned in the hardware requirements of the system, we need to install the dot net framework on the web server since the developing environment of the proposed system is Microsoft Visual Studio and this framework is necessary to run the application successfully on the server. Besides that, a web browser application is necessary to be installed which is the middle tool that will make the connection with the system application which is running on the server side. User Requirements Of The System Generally, The user of the proposed system is divided into three categories. That is, UUM users (student and lecturer), technical support employee, and administrator. Each group of the system has its role based on its authority of using the system. Since the proposed system consists of three parts ( User, Technical support employee, Administrator) , each group of the users can use the suitable part based on their authority. UUM users can use the user part of the system to submit the problems as a tickets to the customer service employees. In addition, they can see the latest news and articles added by the customer service employees and download the files that are related to UUM-CAS. While the technical support employees are responsible to respond to the tickets that come from the user part, in addition to manage the articles, news and download sections in the user part. The last part is the administrator which is responsible to manage the technical support part throw adding new group in addition to manage the technical support employees. Development A software development process is a process to build a software product or to enhance an existing one. Moreover, the Development stage of the research methodology is the most significant stage in our study since it represents the answer o

How terrorism affect our economy Essay

Terrorism and terrorist activates are never intended to target an economy directly, instead it is designed to scare people who, overwhelmed by there trepidation destroy there own economy. The pliant economy of United States was misjudged in contrast with the September 11 terrorist attacks. Despite an estimated $120 billion of damage and a great deal of anxiety, one year following the 9/11 attacks considerable recovery was recorded in U. S economy. A disagreement between the Economists world wide has been shaping up over the affects of terrorism on the economy of USA, many feel that because acts of terrorism are usually aimed towards small portions of the stock of capital of a country so effect on economic activity are not very large(Enders and Sandler 2006). On the other hand, consciences of terrorism on the economy under pragmatic estimation suggest large and long term affects (Terrorism and the World Economy 40). If we review the federal budgets between FY 1998 and FY 2001 $ 48. 3 billion where available in surplus. Attacks of September 11 originated a blow to the economy of Manhattan, but not to that of Boston or Chicago. Terrorism creates a pessimistic affect on industries like air travel, hotels and insurance at large, but if we review economy’s overall performance, investment and demand shifted to other industries-especially when Federal Reserve eased credit in order to calm post-Sept. 11 markets. The immediate and the fore most impact that originate due to terrorism is the development of Paranoia attitude towards the economy through restrictive air travel and raising uncertainty, economy is drifting into a phase of recession. U. S economy has been diminishing even further after U. S invasion in Afghanistan and Iraq. Another way terrorism affected our economy is the lift in oil price which proved to be an economic jolt over the American nation who is now linking this oil situation with the upcoming elections and political agenda of American presidential candidates. The most direct damage that terrorism brought to our financial system is the deficit of U. S. government budget, which was a record of 413 billion dollars in 2004. A slight drop of $198 billion in deficit is being predicted by CBO for FY 2009 which is expected to increase moderately by 2010. If we analyze the reports released by CBO we will realize the shocking increase in the expenditure of war on terrorism over the last few years, federal finances for the department of home land security, and ever mounting cost of government beneficial social sachems such as medical & health care and social security has halted economical development. Economists are predicting an inevitable increase in red ink taxation; this is resulting in an increasing cost of housing and other basic amenities which is ultimately decreasing the consumption power of an American. (CBO) Terrorism creates a general sense of insecurity, this brings a huge expanse on U. S federal budget in shape of home land security dept, Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that federal resources devoted to homeland security activities were a total of about $41 billion in 2004, roughly double the amount allocated to those activities before September 11, By 2007 Spending for the Department of Homeland Security increased by about 6 percent, to $42. 7 billion this money was required to further strengthen the borders and aviation security. General Seance of insecurity also slowed the pace of economic growth in 2007; economists strongly feel that it will slacken further in 2008. According to CBO, the consistent problems in the housing and financial markets and the high price of oil has curbed spending on household and businesses this is also ensuing decrease in the growth of GDP. Laws and policies developed to control terrorism has overwrought federal resources to a total of $2. 9 trillion for 2008, while the revenue will total $2.7 trillion, which will result in budget deficit of $219 billion, this situation will be worsening with the additional $30 billion required to sustain military activates in Iraq and Afghanistan. (CBO 10) As a consequence American nation is facing a decline in funds allocation for national health dept, education, and Environment protection, the 2007 financial budget favored spending on defense which brought an overall decline in resources allocated for developing U. S social welfare programs Another worrying line of attack in which terrorism is affecting U. S economy is the current decline of the U. S dollar. By 2007, an 8% decline was recorded in U. S dollar’s performance in index compared to its six largest trading partners. According to the predictions made by Stephen Malyon, (a currency strategist at Scotia Capital in Toronto) the current weakness in dollar should persist for the first two quarters of the current financial year, while a rise of $1. 55 in Euro against dollar was also anticipated by him. (Ellis 2008) Terrorism creates an anxiety in the midst of American people who quite frequently hear about terrorist threats and the on going war on terrorism, while a general sense of insecurity has detained the business community, and this has created a lack of confidence among the main stream investors. Terrorism has also put the burden of humongous expense that the nation had to face in shape of Dept of home land security, ever since Sept 11, while this dept controls almost all issues related to national security and U. S intelligence, an increase in the federal resources and funds devoted towards this department, and as a consequence every year a considerable decline is recorded in social benefits such as education and national health care. Other affects of terrorism on American economy at large are the red ink taxes, increase in oil cost and the decline in dollar value; all of this is contributing towards decreasing the purchase power of an average American. Economists worldwide agree that the negative aspects and the decline in U. S economy is the cost that USA is paying for the war on terrorism. More over a large number of political & economical analyst feel that the issue of terrorism is being propagated by the American presidential candidates in there political agendas which is a major cause of nervousness among the nation. Many argue today about United States aggressive strategy to counter terrorism has been a mistake and think that a defensive strategy would have been a more appropriate choice in terms of the affects of terrorism on U. S economy. Work Cited; †¢ Enders Walter and Todd Sandler. The Political Economy of Terrorism. 1st ed. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University, 2006. †¢ Abadie, Gardeazabal. â€Å"Terrorism and the World Economy. † (2007): 40. †¢ Orszag, Peter R. United States, CBO. The Budget and Economic Outlook:Fiscal Years 2008-2017. Washington, DC: CBO, 2007. †¢ Ellis, David. â€Å"Dollar’s slide. † It’s the economy, stupid (2008 )

Facts, Fiction and Topics to Write a Profile Essay on

Facts, Fiction and Topics to Write a Profile Essay on Sure, you'll be reading profile essays of famous individuals, and it's quite possible your own story will be very much different. Since profile writers aren't writing technical manuals or textbooks, they can select to define only terms that readers will need to know to follow what's going on. You may require assistance from experienced writers, that's the reason why we offer cheap essay writing service. The subject is at the crux of your essay the one that you pick will establish the results of the readers' experience. Books, magazines, and journals are some examples you may use. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go straight to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. Some topics are very general, while some are specific. Conflict doesn't need to be heated or serious to earn a piece entertaining or authenticit simply needs to be present. You may discover that a number of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any sort of writing assignment. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. The Ugly Secret of Topics to Write a Profile Essay on The term profile usually means that you ought to describe and uncover all the hidden facets of someone or something. Sooner or later, a profile essay indicates the importance of the individual. In an instance of personality profile essay, you may use a brief story or a conversation. Profile writing involves disparate pieces of the brain in order to make an emotionally involving piece. What You Don't Know About Top ics to Write a Profile Essay on Aprofile essay is a kind of essay that centers a specific individual, place, or thing. As a way to compose a successful essay on somebody's interview, you should understand how to write it. If you're allowed to select a topic yourself, you ought to choose something interesting that it is possible to write about. Note the method by which the introduction is on this issue or the person being interviewed. An outline is a rather thorough plan of the essay. A profile essay should consist of specific thoughts and details as an alternative to generalizations. A proposal essay is extremely straightforward to comprehend. Profile essays, such as other essays, follow a specific structure. Inside my experience, descriptive essays are only difficult in regards to deciding just what things to write about. Writing a profile essay becomes a very simple task whenever you're prepared. It gives you the freedom to handpick the subject of your preference. The question most would love to ask is the way to begin a profile essay. Tip It's fine to let the individual you're profiling read your essay should they need to, but don't forget that the last say in the way the essay is worded belongs to you. There are 3 primary pieces of a profile essay. The very first point to be done in order to learn about writing good essays is to read great examples. Go through the instructions given in college to make sure your profile essay meets the perfect standards. This profile essay example for college should offer you a notion of the way to write. A profile essay is regarded to be the absolute most challenging essay to write, just with the appropriate resources and data, it turns into a walk in the park. Your profile essay ought to be a thorough picture of the individual interviewed or the place or an occasion. You may also google how to compose a profile essay example to observe how other students build up an excellent composition of the te xt. Students are occasionally advised to check out profiling samples accomplished by professionals. They lead busy lives and often forget about an upcoming deadline. The ways they should be taught about their health. The Principles of Topics to Write a Profile Essay on You Will be Able to Benefit From Starting Right Away Observe the method by which the profile essays are written employing the very first person voice. Thus, it's important knowing how to compose a profile. Profiles present an outstanding deal of factual detail about their subject. A profile is a particular sort of research undertaking.